
中间椭圆区域为帧中继云。
帧中继的简单理论:
帧中继的DLCI的分配
|
DLCI |
描述 |
|
0 |
保留给LMI做连接管理(ANSI,ITU) |
|
1~15 |
保留 |
|
16~1007 |
分配给PVC |
|
1008~1018 |
保留 |
|
1019~1022 |
多播 |
|
1023 |
保留给LMI做连接管理(cisco) |
LMI(本地管理接口),有多种类型(cisco、ansi、q933a),相互之间互不兼容。在路由器上配置的LMI类型必须与服务提供商一方的相匹配。
Inverse ARP(反向ARP):本地DTE在每条VC上发送一个Inverse
ARP,而远端的DTE回应三层地址信息,然后路由器建立一张三层信息到DLCI的映射表。如果网络中运行多种三层协议,Inverse ARP对每一种发送请求。
注:若手工建立映射,要在接口上关闭Inverse ARP。在同一个接口上混合使用静态和自动的DLCI是不可能的。
一、搭建帧中继云,建立R1—R4之间的帧中继连接。
1、首先将R2更改为帧中继交换机
全局下配置frame-relay switching
2、配置R2 的s0/0接口如下:
R2#sh run int s0/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 259 bytes
!
interface Serial0/0
no
ip address
encapsulation frame-relay //封装帧中继
serial restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000 //配置时钟频率
frame-relay lmi-type cisco //可以不用设置,cisco路由器可以自动协商,默认为cisco
frame-relay intf-type dce //一定要更改接口类型,配置为DCE
frame-relay route 104 interface Serial0/1 401 //建立DLCI映射
end
解析frame-relay route 104 interface Serial0/1 401
104为从配置接口进的DLCI值,int s0/1为出接口,401为出接口所对应的DLCI值
R2的s0/1接口配置如s0/0,如下:
R2#sh run int s0/1
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 212 bytes
!
interface Serial0/1
no
ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
frame-relay lmi-type ansi //此处更改LMI类型为ansi,DTE与DCE对应接口LMI类型必须相同
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 401 interface Serial0/0 104
end
3、配置R1、R4
R1#sh run int s0/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 216 bytes
!
interface Serial0/0
ip
address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.4 104
no
frame-relay inverse-arp 手动关闭反向ARP
end
R4#sh run int s0/1
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 180 bytes
!
interface Serial0/1
ip
address 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 401
no
frame-relay inverse-arp
end
4、查看方法
查看R2上的DLCI值映射
R2#sh frame-relay route
Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial0/0 104 Serial0/1 401 active
Serial0/1 401 Serial0/0 104 active
可以看到接口与DLCI值的映射表
R1#ping 192.168.1.4
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to
192.168.1.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5),
round-trip min/avg/max = 12/83/168 ms
二、配置R1—R5的帧中继云
由于帧中继帧中继云中,R2和R3是由交换机相连,且帧中继的接口不支持在以太口上配置
R2(config-if)#frame-relay route 105
interface ?
MFR Multilink Frame Relay
bundle interface
Serial Serial
Tunnel Tunnel interface
所以在此处我们新建一个tunnel,将R2到R3之间的数据用隧道进行封装
1、 首先为R2的f1/0配置IP地址
interface FastEthernet1/0
ip address
192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
2、 创建interface
tunnel 10
R2#sh run
int tunnel 10
Building
configuration...
Current
configuration : 105 bytes
!
interface
Tunnel10
no ip address
tunnel source FastEthernet1/0 //隧道的源点
tunnel destination 192.168.23.3 //隧道的出口
end
3、 在R2的s0/0接口上配置R1—R5的映射
R2#sh run
int s0/0
Building
configuration...
Current
configuration : 259 bytes
!
interface
Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 104 interface Serial0/1 401
frame-relay route 105 interface Tunnel10 100
end
解析:frame-relay route 105 interface Tunnel10 100
此处的100 同样也是出接口的DLCI值,是R2和R3之间的DLCI值,其中间转换作用
R3上同样配置如下:
R3# sh
run int s0/0
Building
configuration...
interface
Serial0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 501 interface Tunnel10 100
end
4、 查看R3上的映射
R3#sh
frame-relay route
Input
Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial0/0 501 Tunnel10 100 active
Tunnel10 100 Serial0/0 501 active
查看R5上的映射和PVC
R5#sh frame-relay map
Serial0/0 (up): ip 192.168.1.1 dlci
501(0x1F5,0x7C50), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
R5#sh fram pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial0/0
(Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0
0
DLCI = 501, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS
= ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0
input pkts 8 output
pkts 7 in bytes 616
out
bytes 640 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out
pkts dropped 0 out bytes
dropped 0
in
FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out
BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out
bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes
0
5
minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5
minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc
create time 00:36:00, last time pvc status changed 00:32:55
5、 验证R1到R5的路径
R1#trace 192.168.1.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.1.5
1 192.168.1.5 460 msec * 188 msec
中间的帧中继云透明,R1与R5如同直连







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